Book review of No friends but the Mountains. Dispatches from the worlds violent highlands

Preface. I am fascinated by war and conflict, and especially in this book which shows how societies and conflicts are similar across time and mountain ranges all over the world. These cultures may be inevitable due to the harsh environments. Those of you trying to decide where to be postcarbon will especially find this of interest. As well as my book review of Ramp Hollow: The Ordeal of Appalachia.

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Why tight fracked oil and gas is mostly extracted in the US

Source: Smithsonian. May 2013 map of shale oil and gas formation. fource U.S. EIA & USGS.

Preface.  Unconventional US (and some Canadian) fracked tight oil was over 90% of how oil production increased after conventional oil peaked in 2008, but US fracked oil peaked in 2018 (and consequently all world oil, both conventional and unconventional also peaked then).  Only the Permian shale basin is not in decline yet.

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Fusion: Book review of “Sun in a Bottle”

Preface. I don’t know of a book or article that better explains fusion and why fusion is so difficult and far from being commercial. Or ever commercial for that matter. Except for hydrogen bombs.

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Book Cobalt: The Making of a Mining Superpower

Preface. This book is about the history of the town of Cobalt and would make a great horror movie — the disease, filth, poverty, poor wages, racism, and destruction of the environment — the biodiversity, fresh water and more.

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EV charging not possible when restricted or grid down

Preface.  I have many posts at energyskeptic on the myriad reasons the grid will fail or disrupted in the future. Climate change is causing droughts and reservoirs too low to generate much hydropower, and nuclear plants must shut down if they can’t be cooled as well.

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The Impact of Climate Change on California: 8th Largest Economy, 40% of U.S. Shipping

Preface. California’s economy and population relies on one of the most extensive and costly infrastructure systems in the world. This includes thousands of miles of roads, highways and railroads, nearly 200 large water reservoirs of varying capacity, miles of canals, oil refineries, waste water treatment facilities, the second largest hydro-power production in the United States, over 12 of the nation’s largest oil reservoirs, hundreds of airports, thousands of bridges, and sea ports that deal in over $200 billion in trade a year.

As goes California in climate change, so goes the nation, since this is where a quarter of the nation’s food is grown, the ports that handle 40% of imports and 30% of exports and much more. Continue reading

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Fusion at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Source: The target chamber of LLNL’s National Ignition Facility, where 192 laser beams delivered more than 2 million joules of ultraviolet energy to a tiny fuel pellet to create fusion ignition. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Preface. Anyone who thought the recent headlines about a “Nuclear Fusion Breakthrough” were true, might be surprised to know that most media left out one or more of the following important information:

  • That the purpose of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) National Ignition Facility (NIF) is to test nuclear bombs to be sure they’ll explode and make better nuclear weapons in the future
  • There is no goal of generating electricity from fusion, only testing weapons at LLNL
  • That 100 times more energy was used to charge the lasers (300 MJ) than came out
  • The huge size of the facility required — three football fields containing 192 lasers to blast a sphere the size of a peppercorn that needs to be made of diamond and perfectly round and blasted at exactly the same time from all lasers
  • A power plant based on this method would need to make 10 shots per second on one million capsules a day that are made, filled, positioned, blasted, and cleared away (Clery 2022)
  • That attempts usually fail because the peppercorn sphere must be absolutely perfect plus the lasers must all fire together within 25 trillionths of a second
  • That most tests fail because of the perfection required
  • Each capsule costs hundreds of thousands of dollars paid for with $349 million a year of government money, $3.5 billion since 2010 (Hunt 2022).
  • It takes a day for the lasers to cool down after a single shot, but fusion electricity would require the lasers to fire 10 times a second

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Fusion: Tokamak Obstacles

Source: Sparkes M (2022) Korean nuclear fusion reactor achieves 100 million°C for 30 seconds. New Scientist.

Preface. Hope springs eternally for Fusion.  I’ve come to see press releases about fusion breakthroughs as mostly a way to get more startup investment or government funding.

The Buttery (2021) excerpt is mainly to show you how impossible it is to explain the technical challenges without a PhD in nuclear engineering.  Nate Hagens calls the future “The Great Simplification” when high levels of complexity, precision, supply chains, energy and more won’t make fusion, semiconductors, computers, or even toasters possible.

A post that better explains fusion and why it has failed so far (and probably forever) in plain language is Fusion: Book review of “Sun in a Bottle”

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Opposition to mining will prevent a green transition to renewables

Source: Bare (2012) Environmentalists win review of two more plants near Rosemont copper mine. Arizona Capitol times.

I could overwhelm you with world-wide trillions of tons of mining waste and how China has rendered 20% of its farmland too toxic to grow crops (BBC 2014), but let’s just zoom in on one mine in Arizona. In 2022, 13 years after the Rosemont Copper Mine near Tuscon, AZ was proposed in 2009, was finally shut down after strong opposition.

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President George W. Bush energy policy & hurricane Katrina

Preface. After Hurricane Katrina damaged oil and gas infrastructure, oil prices shot up. Below are excerpts from news stories in 2005 when President Bush, an oilman, openly discussed the U.S. energy dependence.

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